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Undoubtedly, those clusters will be useful for
investors to develop industries that they think are
the most suitable for them.
- Develop a coherent policy system that is
used smoothly in service development plans and
systems;
b) Establish linkages between localities. The
Company and the State have implemented the
following activities:
- The coordination and creation of linkages
between local levels in the development process is
themost important factor. The government should
ensure the principles of land use and construction
planning will not be contrary to spatial planning.
- Working procedures must be carried out
in public with discussions and comments from
people.
- The formation of development links between
localities is always formedon a voluntary basis.
- The scope of the association should be limited
to areas where each locality is unable to proceed
individually.
- Maintaining common assets, such as non-
profit/profit-making enterprises/organizations,
or possibly a form of public-private partnership
(PPP), between localities and use of those assets
to serve its needs. In addition, localities should
contribute to the operation of the common
property block, such as economic development
projects, general hospitals, general vocational
schools, and so on.
- Socio-economic development activities are
approved through government departments and
organizations, even beyond the boundaries of the
region (firstly, linkages within the framework of
Association of European Cities in Munich).
- The currently used legal system is also
diversified like using public law - in accordance
with regional law or investment in the form of
an association / commune, possibly 100% capital
owned by state agencies, or participation of
private companies - public associations.
- Forms of joint development take place
independently, almost without intervention by
the authorities. In limited cases, state management
agencies only intervene indirectly, through the
powers of capital contributors.
- The involvement of outside organizations in
the structure of development linkage system has
boosted the position of government machinery
and increased the efficiency of operation through
management of a specific business.
(c) Maintaining and ensuring compliance with
applicable laws, namely:
- Federal, state, inter-communal and communal
institutions exist independently in financial
institutions in Germany. The basic principle of
operating the system is to ensure that the legal
system and subordinate rules will not conflict
with higher level legal system.
- The decentralization of duties between levels
is relatively obvious and specific to each detail,
sector, even in the Constitution of the country. In
this decentralization, the rhythmic coordination
between levels is something that could not be
ignored;
- The most important issue for linking regional
development is issues related to planning (spatial
planning, land planning, sector planning, etc). On
the basis of the approved plans, the Federal and
State authorities issue a legal framework. After
that, the usage of planning lands and construction
planning are decided by the local government.
Compliance with laws of the planning and the
implementation of the plansare subjected under
scrutiny of the state government together with
strict monitoring and supervision by the people.
New York metropolitan area structure in the
United States
The New York metropolitan area covers New
York, Northern New Jersey and Long Island,
known as the Tri-State Region, which is the most
populous region in the United States and also
among the most populous in the world. The entire
area is subdivided into five sub-regions:
- New York City (also known as 5 Districts).
- Long Island (the peninsula separating it from
the other three suburbs).
- Connecticut (including Fairfield, New Haven
and Litchfield).
- Hudson Valley (including the entire suburbs
of Lower Hudson Valley of Westchester, Putnam
and Rockland, and the Mid-Hudson suburb,
including Dutchess, Orange and Ulster counties).
- North Jersey (New Jersey metropolitan areas).
All three states in the New York metropolitan
areaare, according to theUnitedStates institutions,
